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Tafsir Ishraq al-Ma'ani

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Introduction | Wiki
1. Al-Fatihah
2. Al-Baqarah
3. Al-Imran
4. Al-Nisa
5. Al-Maidah
6. Al-Anam
7. Al-Araf
8. Al-Anfal
9. Al-Taubah
10. Yunus
11. Hud
12. Yusuf
13. Al-Rad
14. Ibrahim
15. Al-Hijr
16. Al-Nahl
17. Bani Israil
18. Al-Kahf
19. Maryam
20. Ta-Ha
21. Al-Anbiya
22. Al-Hajj
23. Al-Muminun
24. An-Nur
25. Al-Furqan
26. Ash-Shuara
27. An-Naml
28. Al-Qasas
29. Al-Ankabut
30. Ar-Rum
31. Luqman
32. As-Sajdah
33. Al-Ahzab
34. Saba
35. Fatir
36. Yasin
37. As-Saffat
38. Saad
39. Az-Zumar
40. Al-Mumin
41. Ha-Meem-As-Sajdah
42. AShura
43. Az-Zukhruf
44. Ad-Dukhan
45. Al-Jathiyah
46. Al-Ahqaf
47. Muhammad
48. Al-Fath
49. Al-Hujurat
50. Al-Qaf
51. Adh-Dhariyat
52. At-Tur
53. An-Najm
54. Al-Qamar
55. Al-Rahman
56. Al-Waqiah
57. Al-Hadid
58. Al-Mujadalah
59. Al-Hashr
60. Al-Mumtahinah
61. As-Saff
62. Al-Jumuah
63. Al-Munafiqun
64. Al-Taghabun
65. At-Talaq
66. At-Tahrim
67. Al-Mulk
68. Al-Qalam
69. Al-Haqqah
70. Al-Maarij
71. Nuh
72. Al-Jinn
73. Al-Muzzammil
74. Al-Muddhththir
75. Al-Qiyamah
76. Ad-Dahr
77. Al-Mursalat
78. An-Naba
79. An-Naziat
80. Abas
81. At-Takwir
82. Al-Infitar
83. At-Tatfif
84. Al-Inshiqaq
85. Al-Buruj
86. At-Tariq
87. Al-Ala
88. Al-Ghashiyah
89. Al-Fajr
90. Al-Balad
91. Ash-Shams
92. Al-Lail
93. Ad-Duha
94. Al-Inshirah
95. At-Tin
96. Al-Alaq
97. Al-Qadr
98. Al-Bayyinah
99. Az-Zilzal
100. Al-Adiyat
101. Al-Qariah
102. At-Takathur
103. Al-Asr
104. Al-Humazah
105. Al-Fil
106. Al-Quraish
107. Al-Maun
108. Al-Kauthar
109. Al-Kafirun
110. An-Nasr
111. Al-Lahab
112. Al-Ikhlas
113. Al-Falaq
114. An-Nas
Surah 25. Al-Furqan
Verses [Section]: 1-9[1], 10-20 [2], 21-34 [3], 35-44 [4], 45-60 [5], 61-77 [6]

Quran Text of Verse 35-44
وَ لَقَدْAnd verilyاٰتَیْنَاWe gaveمُوْسَیMusaالْكِتٰبَthe Scriptureوَ جَعَلْنَاand We appointedمَعَهٗۤwith himاَخَاهُhis brotherهٰرُوْنَHarunوَزِیْرًاۚۖ(as) an assistant فَقُلْنَاThen We saidاذْهَبَاۤGo both of youاِلَیtoالْقَوْمِthe peopleالَّذِیْنَthose whoكَذَّبُوْاhave deniedبِاٰیٰتِنَا ؕOur SignsفَدَمَّرْنٰهُمْThen We destroyed themتَدْمِیْرًاؕ(with) destruction وَ قَوْمَAnd (the) peopleنُوْحٍ(of) Nuhلَّمَّاwhenكَذَّبُواthey deniedالرُّسُلَthe MessengersاَغْرَقْنٰهُمْWe drowned themوَ جَعَلْنٰهُمْand We made themلِلنَّاسِfor mankindاٰیَةً ؕa signوَ اَعْتَدْنَاAnd We have preparedلِلظّٰلِمِیْنَfor the wrongdoersعَذَابًاa punishmentاَلِیْمًاۚۖpainful وَّ عَادًاAnd Adوَّ ثَمُوْدَاۡand Thamudوَ اَصْحٰبَand (the) dwellersالرَّسِّ(of) Ar-rassوَ قُرُوْنًۢاand generationsبَیْنَbetweenذٰلِكَthatكَثِیْرًا many وَ كُلًّاAnd eachضَرَبْنَاWe have set forthلَهُfor himالْاَمْثَالَ ؗthe examplesوَ كُلًّاand eachتَبَّرْنَاWe destroyedتَتْبِیْرًا (with) destruction وَ لَقَدْAnd verilyاَتَوْاthey have comeعَلَیuponالْقَرْیَةِthe townالَّتِیْۤwhichاُمْطِرَتْwas showeredمَطَرَ(with) a rainالسَّوْءِ ؕ(of) evilاَفَلَمْThen do notیَكُوْنُوْاthey [were]یَرَوْنَهَا ۚsee itبَلْNayكَانُوْاthey areلَاnotیَرْجُوْنَexpectingنُشُوْرًا Resurrection وَ اِذَاAnd whenرَاَوْكَthey see youاِنْnotیَّتَّخِذُوْنَكَthey take youاِلَّاexceptهُزُوًا ؕ(in) mockeryاَهٰذَاIs thisالَّذِیْthe one whomبَعَثَAllah has sentاللّٰهُAllah has sentرَسُوْلًا (as) a Messenger اِنْHe would have almostكَادَHe would have almostلَیُضِلُّنَا[surely] misled usعَنْfromاٰلِهَتِنَاour godsلَوْ لَاۤif notاَنْthatصَبَرْنَاwe had been steadfastعَلَیْهَا ؕto themوَ سَوْفَAnd soonیَعْلَمُوْنَwill knowحِیْنَwhenیَرَوْنَthey will seeالْعَذَابَthe punishmentمَنْwhoاَضَلُّ(is) more astrayسَبِیْلًا (from the) way اَرَءَیْتَHave you seenمَنِ(one) whoاتَّخَذَtakesاِلٰهَهٗ(as) his godهَوٰىهُ ؕhis own desireاَفَاَنْتَThen would youتَكُوْنُbeعَلَیْهِover himوَكِیْلًاۙa guardian 25. Al-Furqan Page 364اَمْOrتَحْسَبُdo you thinkاَنَّthatاَكْثَرَهُمْmost of themیَسْمَعُوْنَhearاَوْorیَعْقِلُوْنَ ؕunderstandاِنْNotهُمْtheyاِلَّا(are) exceptكَالْاَنْعَامِlike cattleبَلْNayهُمْtheyاَضَلُّ(are) more astrayسَبِیْلًا۠(from the) way
Translation of Verse 35-44

(25:35) Indeed, We gave Musa the Book and appointed with him his brother Harun as an assistant.

(25:36) Then We said, ‘You two go to the people who have laid the lies against Our signs.’ Then We destroyed them (in) utter destruction.

(25:37) And the people of Nuh - when they cried lies to the Messengers40 – We drowned them, and made them a sign for the people. And We have prepared for the unbelievers a painful chastisement.

(25:38) And `Aad, Thamud, the people of the Russ,41 and many generations in between.42

(25:39) For each We struck similitude for him,43 and each We annihilated in utter annihilation.

(25:40) And they have already come upon the town which was showered upon with an evil rain.44 Have they not seen it then?45 But they hoped not for resurrection.

(25:41) And when they see you, they take you not but in jest: ‘Is this the one whom Allah has raised as a Messenger?’

(25:42) ‘He would have indeed wellnigh led us away from our deities, had we not stayed firm with them.’ But presently they shall know – when they see the chastisement – (as to) who was more astray in respect of the path.

(25:43) Have you seen him who took his own self as his god?46 Will you then be a guardian over him?

(25:44) Or, do you think most of them hear or contemplate? They are but as cattle, nay, they are more lost of the way.


Commentary

40. How are we to understand the words, “they cried lies to their Messengers” (in plural) when we know that Nuh was the only Messenger sent to his people? The answer is that perhaps they denied Messengers sent to peoples earlier to Nuh, or, that they denied the need for Messengers altogether, as the Brahmins do (Zamakhshari, Razi).

41. For lack of details in the Qur’an and hadith, there are various opinions over who the Companions of the Russ were. Qatadah’s opinion was that it was a town in Yamamah called Falj. `Ikrimah identified them with Companions of Yaaseen in Falj (in Yamamah). Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid simply said that Russ was a well; and the allusion is to Shu`ayb’s people who were largely shepherds (Razi). Doughty wrote in Travels in Arabia Deserta having seen a russ in Qaseem region in Waadiyy Rummah: “Where are seen wide ruins and foundations” (Majid).

Linguistically, russ is for any hole dug in the ground, such as a grave or a well. Hence Ibn Jarir believes they must be identified with the As-haab al-Ukhdood (Companions of the Trenches). Nonetheless, Ibn Is-haq has a narration from Ka`b al-Qurazi, who attributed his words to the Prophet, (but whose authenticity could not be checked: Au.). The Prophet said, “The first to enter Paradise will be a black slave. That is because Allah sent a Prophet to a town. But none believed but a black man. The townspeople dug a well, threw the Prophet in and sealed it with a stone slab. This (black) man used to carry wood on his back, sell it, buy food and drink and then, sliding the slab by Allah’s help, he would let the victuals down to him. It went on until one day he slept off before he could go to the woods. Allah sent on him seven years of sleep, after which he turned to another side, He sent another seven years of sleep on him. When he finally woke up, he thought he had slept off a few hours. He proceeded to gather the wood, sold it, and as usual went up to the well with the food. But he didn’t find him, for, in the meantime, his people were sorry for what they had done to him, and had brought him out. The Prophet (who was brought out) kept inquiring about the black slave, but nobody knew anything about him, until he (that Prophet) died (Ibn Jarir).

The above report seems to be pretty weak (Ibn Kathir).

Further, Allah tells us that the people mentioned here were destroyed, whereas the above report says that they came to believe in their Prophet. If the above report is true then perhaps the Qur’anic verse does not allude to them, or, maybe, they were destroyed thereafter, for some other reason (Qurtubi).

42. Although one opinion says that qarn is a period – some saying 120 years, others, 100, and yet others 80, etc. – the Prophet at least used the term in the sense of generation. He said, “The best generation is mine (qarni), then those who come after them and then those who come after them” (Ibn Kathir).

Hakim has a report in his Al-Kuna coming from Ibn `Abbas who said, “Whenever the Prophet counted, he went as far as Ma`d b. `Adnan, at whom he would stop and say, ‘Genealogists lied (when they counted beyond this).’ Then he would recite, ‘and many generations between that’” (Shawkani).

43. In explanation of the singular pronoun, Qatadah said, “That is, unto each one Allah sent the warning to eliminate his excuse, and then destroyed him because of consistent denial” (Ibn Jarir).

44. That is, the people of Loot.

45. The allusion is to the Makkan trade caravans passing by the destroyed towns of the people of Loot.

46. Whoever follows his desires in religious matters, blindly going after everything that he receives (from others), seeking neither evidence nor proof, is the one who worships his (lower) self (Zamakhshari).

Yusuf Ali adds: “The man who worships his own passions or impulses or desires is the most hopeless to teach or lead or guide. If it were anything else the matter with him, the Prophet could argue with him. But Reason cannot prevail over blind passion. It is vain to hope that such a man could be led, until his mad desires are kindled. No one could undertake any responsibility for him, for he obeys no laws and follows no advice. He is worse than brute beasts, which may not understand, but at least follow the wholesome instincts implanted in them by Allah. The lawless man has killed his instincts and is unwilling to submit to guidance.”