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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Ar-Rum 30:41-45 [5/6] ↕
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ظَهَرَHas appeared
ٱلْفَسَادُthe corruption
فِىin
ٱلْبَرِّthe land
وَٱلْبَحْرِand the sea
بِمَاfor what
كَسَبَتْhave earned
أَيْدِى(the) hands
ٱلنَّاسِ(of) people,
لِيُذِيقَهُمso that He may let them taste
بَعْضَa part
ٱلَّذِى(of) that which
عَمِلُواْthey have done
لَعَلَّهُمْso that they may
يَرْجِعُونَreturn.
﴿٤١﴾
قُلْSay,
سِيرُواْ`Travel
فِىin
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earth
فَٱنظُرُواْand see
كَيْفَhow
كَانَwas
عَـٰقِبَةُ(the) end
ٱلَّذِينَ(of) those who
مِن قَبْلُ‌ۚ(were) before.
كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمMost of them were
مُّشْرِكِينَpolytheists.`
﴿٤٢﴾
فَأَقِمْSo set
وَجْهَكَyour face
لِلدِّينِto the religion
ٱلْقَيِّمِright,
مِن قَبْلِbefore
أَن[that]
يَأْتِىَcomes
يَوْمٌa Day
لَّاnot
مَرَدَّ(can be) averted
لَهُۥ[it]
مِنَfrom
ٱللَّهِ‌ۖAllah.
يَوْمَئِذٍThat Day,
يَصَّدَّعُونَthey will be divided.
﴿٤٣﴾
مَنWhoever
كَفَرَdisbelieves,
فَعَلَيْهِthen against him
كُفْرُهُۥ‌ۖ(is) his disbelief.
وَمَنْAnd whoever
عَمِلَdoes
صَـٰلِحًاrighteousness,
فَلِأَنفُسِهِمْthen for themselves
يَمْهَدُونَthey are preparing,
﴿٤٤﴾
لِيَجْزِىَThat He may reward
ٱلَّذِينَthose who
ءَامَنُواْbelieve
وَعَمِلُواْand do
ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِrighteous deeds
مِن(out) of
فَضْلِهِۦٓ‌ۚHis Bounty.
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, He
لَا(does) not
يُحِبُّlike
ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَthe disbelievers.
﴿٤٥﴾

ظَهَرَ الۡفَسَادُ فِى الۡبَرِّ وَالۡبَحۡرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡ اَيۡدِى النَّاسِ لِيُذِيۡقَهُمۡ بَعۡضَ الَّذِىۡ عَمِلُوۡا لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُوۡنَ‏  قُلۡ سِيۡرُوۡا فِى الۡاَرۡضِ فَانْظُرُوۡا كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِيۡنَ مِنۡ قَبۡلُ​ؕ كَانَ اَكۡثَرُهُمۡ مُّشۡرِكِيۡنَ‏  فَاَقِمۡ وَجۡهَكَ لِلدِّيۡنِ الۡقَيِّمِ مِنۡ قَبۡلِ اَنۡ يَّاۡتِىَ يَوۡمٌ لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهٗ مِنَ اللّٰهِ​ يَوۡمَـئِذٍ يَّصَّدَّعُوۡنَ‏  مَنۡ كَفَرَ فَعَلَيۡهِ كُفۡرُهٗ ​ۚ وَمَنۡ عَمِلَ صَالِحاً فَلِاَنۡفُسِهِمۡ يَمۡهَدُوۡنَۙ ‏  لِيَجۡزِىَ الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوۡا الصّٰلِحٰتِ مِنۡ فَضۡلِهٖ​ؕ اِنَّهٗ لَا يُحِبُّ الۡكٰفِرِيۡنَ‏ 
Translation
(30:41) Evil has become rife on the land and at sea because of men's deeds; this in order that He may cause them to have a taste of some of their deeds; perhaps they will turn back (from evil).64 (30:42) (O Prophet), say: “Traverse in the earth and see what was the end of those who went before you: most of them associated others with Allah in His Divinity.”65 (30:43) So turn your face exclusively towards the True Faith before there comes the Day whose coming from Allah cannot be averted,66 the Day when people will split into groups. (30:44) He who disbelieves will suffer the consequence of it67 and he who acts righteously, they will pave the way for their own good (30:45) so that Allah may, out of His Bounty, reward those who believe and act righteously. Verily He does not love the unbelievers.
Commentary

64. This is again an allusion to the war that was going on between Byzantium and Iran, which was telling on the whole of the Middle East. “What the hands of people have earned” means the wickedness and oppression and tyranny, which inevitably appear in human conduct and character as a result of adopting shirk and atheism and ignoring the Hereafter. “Perhaps they may return” means that Allah shows the evil consequences of some of the acts of men in this world before the punishment of the Hereafter so that they understand the reality, feel the error of their conjectures and turn to the righteous belief, which the Prophets of Allah have been presenting before man since the earliest times, and besides adopting which there is no other way of ordering human conduct on sound foundations. This subject has been presented at several places in the Quran, e.g. in (Surah At-Taubah: Ayat 126), (Surah Ar-Raad: Ayat 31), (Surah As-Sajdah: Ayat 21), (Surah At-Tur: Ayat 47).

65. That is, “The disastrous war between Byzantium and Iran is not a new thing of its kind. The past history of mankind is full of the accounts of the destruction of great nations. The root cause of the evils that caused the destruction of those nations was shirk which you are today being admonished to avoid.”

66. That is, “The Day which neither Allah Himself will avert nor has He given power to anyone else to avert it.”

67. This is a comprehensive sentence which encompasses all those harms which can afflict a disbeliever on account of his disbelief. No list of the harms could be so comprehensive as this.