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Towards Understanding the Quran
With kind permission: Islamic Foundation UK
Introduction to Tafheem | Glossary | Verbs
Tafsirs: Maarif | Dawat | Ishraq | Clear

 Surah Yunus 10:54-60 [6/11]
  
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Verse Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
وَلَوْAnd if
أَنَّthat
لِكُلِّfor every
نَفْسٍsoul
ظَلَمَتْ(that) wronged,
مَاwhatever
فِى(is) in
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earth,
لَٱفْتَدَتْit (would) seek to ransom
بِهِۦ‌ۗwith it,
وَأَسَرُّواْand they (will) confide
ٱلنَّدَامَةَthe regret
لَمَّاwhen
رَأَوُاْthey see
ٱلْعَذَابَ‌ۖthe punishment.
وَقُضِىَBut will be judged
بَيْنَهُمbetween them
بِٱلْقِسْطِ‌ۚin justice,
وَهُمْand they
لَا(will) not
يُظْلَمُونَ(be) wronged.
﴿٥٤﴾
أَلَآNo doubt,
إِنَّindeed,
لِلَّهِfor Allah
مَا(is) whatever
فِى(is) in
ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِthe heavens
وَٱلْأَرْضِ‌ۗand the earth.
أَلَآNo doubt
إِنَّindeed,
وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ(the) Promise of Allah
حَقٌّ(is) true.
وَلَـٰكِنَّBut
أَكْثَرَهُمْmost of them
لَا(do) not
يَعْلَمُونَknow.
﴿٥٥﴾
هُوَHe
يُحْىِۦgives life
وَيُمِيتُand causes death,
وَإِلَيْهِand to Him
تُرْجَعُونَyou will be returned.
﴿٥٦﴾
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُO mankind!
قَدْVerily
جَآءَتْكُمhas come to you
مَّوْعِظَةٌan instruction
مِّنfrom
رَّبِّكُمْyour Lord,
وَشِفَآءٌand a healing
لِّمَاfor what
فِى(is) in
ٱلصُّدُورِyour breasts,
وَهُدًىand guidance
وَرَحْمَةٌand mercy
لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَfor the believers.
﴿٥٧﴾
قُلْSay,
بِفَضْلِ ٱللَّهِ"In the Bounty of Allah
وَبِرَحْمَتِهِۦand in His Mercy
فَبِذَٲلِكَso in that
فَلْيَفْرَحُواْlet them rejoice."
هُوَIt
خَيْرٌ(is) better
مِّمَّاthan what
يَجْمَعُونَthey accumulate.
﴿٥٨﴾
قُلْSay,
أَرَءَيْتُم"Have you seen
مَّآwhat
أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُAllah has sent down
لَكُمfor you
مِّنof
رِّزْقٍ(the) provision,
فَجَعَلْتُمand you have made
مِّنْهُof it
حَرَامًاunlawful
وَحَلَـٰلاًand lawful?"
قُلْSay,
ءَآللَّهُ"Has Allah
أَذِنَpermitted
لَكُمْ‌ۖ[to] you,
أَمْor
عَلَىagainst
ٱللَّهِAllah
تَفْتَرُونَyou invent (lies)?"
﴿٥٩﴾
وَمَاAnd what
ظَنُّ(will be the) assumption
ٱلَّذِينَ(of) those who
يَفْتَرُونَinvent
عَلَىagainst
ٱللَّهِAllah
ٱلْكَذِبَthe lie
يَوْمَ(on) the Day
ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ‌ۗ(of) the Judgment?
إِنَّIndeed,
ٱللَّهَAllah
لَذُو فَضْلٍ(is) surely Full (of) Bounty
عَلَىto
ٱلنَّاسِthe mankind,
وَلَـٰكِنَّbut
أَكْثَرَهُمْmost of them
لَا(are) not
يَشْكُرُونَgrateful.
﴿٦٠﴾


وَلَوۡ اَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَفۡسٍ ظَلَمَتۡ مَا فِى الۡاَرۡضِ لَافۡتَدَتۡ بِهٖ​ؕ وَاَسَرُّوا النَّدَامَةَ لَمَّا رَاَوُا الۡعَذَابَ​ۚ وَقُضِىَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ بِالۡقِسۡطِ​ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُوۡنَ‏  اَلَاۤ اِنَّ لِلّٰهِ مَا فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالۡاَرۡضِؕ اَلَاۤ اِنَّ وَعۡدَ اللّٰهِ حَقٌّ وَّلٰـكِنَّ اَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُوۡنَ‏  هُوَ يُحۡىٖ وَيُمِيۡتُ وَاِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُوۡنَ‏  يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدۡ جَآءَتۡكُمۡ مَّوۡعِظَةٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّكُمۡ وَشِفَآءٌ لِّمَا فِى الصُّدُوۡرِۙ  وَهُدًى وَّرَحۡمَةٌ لِّـلۡمُؤۡمِنِيۡنَ‏  قُلۡ بِفَضۡلِ اللّٰهِ وَبِرَحۡمَتِهٖ فَبِذٰلِكَ فَلۡيَـفۡرَحُوۡا ؕ هُوَ خَيۡرٌ مِّمَّا يَجۡمَعُوۡنَ‏  قُلۡ اَرَءَيۡتُمۡ مَّاۤ اَنۡزَلَ اللّٰهُ لَـكُمۡ مِّنۡ رِّزۡقٍ فَجَعَلۡتُمۡ مِّنۡهُ حَرَامًا وَّحَلٰلًا ؕ قُلۡ آٰللّٰهُ اَذِنَ لَـكُمۡ​ اَمۡ عَلَى اللّٰهِ تَفۡتَرُوۡنَ‏  وَمَا ظَنُّ الَّذِيۡنَ يَفۡتَرُوۡنَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ الۡكَذِبَ يَوۡمَ الۡقِيٰمَةِ​ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَذُوۡ فَضۡلٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَلٰـكِنَّ اَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡكُرُوۡنَ‏  

Translation
(10:54) If a wrong-doer had all that is in the earth he would surely offer it to ransom himself. When the wrong-doers perceive the chastisement, they will feel intense remorse in their hearts.59 But a judgement shall be made with full justice about them. They shall not be wronged. (10:55) Indeed all that is in the heavens and the earth belongs to Allah. And most certainly Allah's promise will be fulfilled, though most men are not aware. (10:56) He it is Who gives life and causes death, and to Him shall you all be returned. (10:57) Men! Now there has come to you an exhortation from your Lord, a healing for the ailments of the hearts, and a guidance and mercy for those who believe. (10:58) Tell them (O Prophet!): 'Let them rejoice in Allah's grace and mercy through which this (Book) has come to you. It is better than all the riches that they accumulate. (10:59) Did you consider that the sustenance which Allah had sent down for you60 of your own accord you have declared some of it as unlawful and some as lawful?61 Ask them: 'Did Allah bestow upon you any authority for this or do you forge lies against Allah?62 (10:60) Think how those who invent lies against Him will be treated on, the Day of Judgement? Allah is bountiful to men yet most of them do not give thanks.63

Commentary

59. “And they will feel remorse”. When all of a sudden, they face the torment on the Day, which they had denied throughout their lives, and on that presumption had gone on doing wrong deeds. Not only this: they will also feel very sorry that they had denied the Messengers and brought baseless charges against them, who had warned them of it. Therefore when they witness it against all their expectations, they will find the ground slipping from under their feet and will feel utterly helpless and guilty in their minds because of the remembrance of their wrong doings and of the pricking of their conscience. In short, their condition will be that of a gambler, who turns a deaf ear to the counsel of his well wishers and stakes his all on mere speculation and goes bankrupt. But such a person has to blame none but himself only for his sad plight.

60. It has been purposely avoided to translate the Arabic word rizq into provisions, for it is liable to create a very serious misunderstanding regarding the implications of this verse. For in this sense rizq will be confined to food and eatables only, whereas it is very comprehensive in its meaning and it covers everything that Allah has given to man, food, children, knowledge, law etc. Instances can be cited from the Quran and the traditions in support thereof. Thus it has become, obvious that according to this verse, in Allah’s sight it is wrong and sinful to adopt the attitude of independence towards every kind of rizq, including articles of food.

Thus it has become clear that the consequences of this misunderstanding about the meaning of rizq are farreaching. As a result of this limited meaning of rizq, it will be sinful only to make the unlawful articles of food lawful and vice versa but it will not be sinful if the people become their own law makers in regards to the social, economic, political and international matters. It is because of this misunderstanding that even some scholars of the Islamic law do not consider it sinful if people do not take guidance from the Sharia in regard to matters other than those of food; whereas in this verse, Allah has taken to task all those people, who arrogate to themselves the right of making lawful or unlawful not only the articles of food but anything that has been made lawful or unlawful by the Sharia.

61. The question has been posed to impress how horrible and rebellious their crime is, as if to say: How dare you make your own regulations contrary to those which Allah has given you, when, in fact, you yourselves are His creation? What do you think about the servant, who claims that he himself has the right to prescribe the limits concerning the things which his master has entrusted to his care, and therefore, there is no need of consulting him? How will you treat your own servant if he were to claim that he had every right to use and spend as he will all that belongs to you? Leave alone the case of that servant who does not acknowledge at all that he has any master, or that he is a servant, and the things that are in his possession are not his but belong to someone else; for the case under discussion does not concern such a villainous usurper. The question has been posed concerning that servant who himself acknowledges that he is a servant of some master and that the things in his possession belong to the master and not to himself. Yet he claims that he has the right to make rules and regulations and set limits for himself regarding the use of those things, and that there is no need for him to consult his master.

62. This question has been posed to corner the transgressors who arrogate to themselves the right to make rules and regulations in regards to the use they could make of the things of their Master. It is meant to impress on them that they have placed themselves in an awkward position by arrogating that right without any lawful authority. Their claim would have been valid, if the Master had Himself authorized them to make whatever laws they liked concerning the use of the things entrusted to the servants by Him. The pertinent question is whether they possessed any such authority from the Master, or were putting forward this claim without any delegation of such rights to them. If they had any such warrant they should show it: otherwise they would be guilty of two crimes, rebellion and forgery.

63. It is a pity that most of the servants are not grateful to the Master for this great favor that He has given them full instructions about the way they should live in His house, and the use they should make of His things, and the conduct they should adopt, as if to say: If you live in the world according to My instructions, you will win My approval and deserve the greatest rewards, but if you live as rebels, you would incur My wrath and merit a painful chastisement. Nay, instead of showing gratitude for this favor, many of the servants seem to think like this: The Master ought to have left us in the world without any guidance and secretly watched us to see which of us was living in rebellion against His law, and then punished the criminals. They do not seem to realize that if the Master had put them to this hard test none would have escaped punishment.