Tafheem ul Quran
Surah 3 Ali 'Imran, Ayat 130-143
يٰۤـاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا لَا تَاۡكُلُوا الرِّبٰٓوا اَضۡعَافًا مُّضٰعَفَةً وَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُوۡنَۚ
﴿3:130﴾
وَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ الَّتِىۡۤ اُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكٰفِرِيۡنَۚ
﴿3:131﴾
وَاَطِيۡعُوا اللّٰهَ وَالرَّسُوۡلَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُوۡنَۚ
﴿3:132﴾
وَسَارِعُوۡۤا اِلٰى مَغۡفِرَةٍ مِّنۡ رَّبِّكُمۡ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرۡضُهَا السَّمٰوٰتُ وَالۡاَرۡضُۙ اُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡمُتَّقِيۡنَۙ
﴿3:133﴾
الَّذِيۡنَ يُنۡفِقُوۡنَ فِى السَّرَّآءِ وَالضَّرَّآءِ وَالۡكٰظِمِيۡنَ الۡغَيۡظَ وَالۡعَافِيۡنَ عَنِ النَّاسِؕ وَاللّٰهُ يُحِبُّ الۡمُحۡسِنِيۡنَۚ
﴿3:134﴾
وَالَّذِيۡنَ اِذَا فَعَلُوۡا فَاحِشَةً اَوۡ ظَلَمُوۡۤا اَنۡفُسَهُمۡ ذَكَرُوا اللّٰهَ فَاسۡتَغۡفَرُوۡا لِذُنُوۡبِهِمۡ وَمَنۡ يَّغۡفِرُ الذُّنُوۡبَ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ وَلَمۡ يُصِرُّوۡا عَلٰى مَا فَعَلُوۡا وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُوۡنَ
﴿3:135﴾
اُولٰٓـئِكَ جَزَآؤُهُمۡ مَّغۡفِرَةٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّهِمۡ وَ جَنّٰتٌ تَجۡرِىۡ مِنۡ تَحۡتِهَا الۡاَنۡهٰرُ خٰلِدِيۡنَ فِيۡهَا ؕ وَنِعۡمَ اَجۡرُ الۡعٰمِلِيۡنَؕ
﴿3:136﴾
قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِنۡ قَبۡلِكُمۡ سُنَنٌ ۙ فَسِيۡرُوۡا فِى الۡاَرۡضِ فَانۡظُرُوۡا كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الۡمُكَذِّبِيۡنَ
﴿3:137﴾
هٰذَا بَيَانٌ لِّلنَّاسِ وَهُدًى وَّمَوۡعِظَةٌ لِّلۡمُتَّقِيۡنَ
﴿3:138﴾
وَلَا تَهِنُوۡا وَ لَا تَحۡزَنُوۡا وَاَنۡتُمُ الۡاَعۡلَوۡنَ اِنۡ كُنۡتُمۡ مُّؤۡمِنِيۡنَ
﴿3:139﴾
اِنۡ يَّمۡسَسۡكُمۡ قَرۡحٌ فَقَدۡ مَسَّ الۡقَوۡمَ قَرۡحٌ مِّثۡلُهٗ ؕ وَتِلۡكَ الۡاَيَّامُ نُدَاوِلُهَا بَيۡنَ النَّاسِۚ وَلِيَـعۡلَمَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَيَتَّخِذَ مِنۡكُمۡ شُهَدَآءَؕ وَاللّٰهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الظّٰلِمِيۡنَۙ
﴿3:140﴾
وَلِيُمَحِّصَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَيَمۡحَقَ الۡكٰفِرِيۡنَ
﴿3:141﴾
اَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ اَنۡ تَدۡخُلُوا الۡجَـنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِيۡنَ جَاهَدُوۡا مِنۡكُمۡ وَيَعۡلَمَ الصّٰبِرِيۡنَ
﴿3:142﴾
وَلَقَدۡ كُنۡتُمۡ تَمَنَّوۡنَ الۡمَوۡتَ مِنۡ قَبۡلِ اَنۡ تَلۡقَوۡهُ فَقَدۡ رَاَيۡتُمُوۡهُ وَاَنۡتُمۡ تَنۡظُرُوۡنَ
﴿3:143﴾
(3:130) Believers! Do not swallow interest, doubled and redoubled, and be
mindful of Allah so that you may attain true success.98 (3:131) And have fear of the Fire which awaits those who deny the Truth.
(3:132) And obey Allah and the Messenger, that you may be shown mercy. (3:133) And hasten to the for-giveness of your Lord and to a Paradise as
vast as the heavens and the earth, prepared for the God-fearing. (3:134) who spend in the way of Allah both in plenty and hardship, who restrain
their anger, and forgive others. Allah loves such good-doers." 99
(3:135) These are the ones who, when they commit any indecency and wrong
against themselves, instantly remember Allah and implore forgiveness for their
sins - for who will forgive sins save Allah? - and who do not wilfully persist
in the wrong they did. (3:136) They shall be recompensed by forgiveness from their Lord and by gardens
beneath which rivers flow; there they shall abide. How good is the reward of
those who labour! (3:137) Many eras have passed before you. Go about, then, in the land and
behold the end of those who gave the lie to (the directives and ordinances of
Allah). (3:138) This is a plain exposition for men, and a guidance and admonition
for the Godfearing. (3:139) Do not, then, either lose heart or grieve: for you shall surely gain
the upper hand if you are true men of faith. (3:140) If a wound has befallen you a similar wound has already befallen
the people who are opposed to you.100 We make such movements to men
in turn so that Allah might mark out those who are the true men of faith and
select from among you those who do really bear witness (to the Truth):101
for Allah does not love the wrong-doers, (3:141) and makes men go through trials in order that He might purge the
believers and blot out those who deny the Truth. (3:142) Did you think that you would enter Paradise even though Allah has
not yet seen who among you strove hard in His way and remained steadfast?
(3:143) You previously longed for death (in the way of Allah): now you have
faced it, observing it with your own eyes.102
Notes
98. The major cause of the setback suffered at Uhud was that precisely at
the moment of their victory the Muslims succumbed to the desire for worldly
possessions, and turned to collecting booty rather than completing their task
of crushing the enemy. Hence God thought fit to raise a barrier against this
excessive adoration of money, and to urge them to give up usury which keeps
man constantly absorbed in considering ways and means of amassing wealth and
generally whets his appetite for money.
99. The existence of interest in a society generates two kinds of moral disease.
It breeds greed and avarice, meanness and selfishness among those who receive
interest. At the same time, those who have to pay interest develop strong feelings
of hatred, resentment, spite and jealousy. God intimates to the believers that
the attributes bred by the spread of interest are the exact opposite of those
which develop as a result of spending in the way of God, and that it is through
the latter rather than the former that man can achieve God's forgiveness and
Paradise. (For further explanation see
(Surah 2, n. 320 above.)
100. This alludes to the Battle of Badr. The intention is to point out to
the Muslims that if the unbelievers were not demoralized by the setback they
suffered at Badr then the Muslims should not be disheartened by the setback
thev suffered in the Battle of Uhud.
101. The actual words of this verse, can be interpreted in two ways. One
meaning could be that God wanted to select some of them so that He could bestow
upon them the honour of martyrdom. The second meaning could be that out of the
hotch-potch of true believers and hypocrites which their community consisted
of at that moment, God wanted to sift those who were truly His witnesses over
all mankind. See( Qur'an 2: 143 - Ed.)
102. This is with reference to those Companions who had urged the Prophet
to go out of Madina and take on the enemy there because of their ardent desire
for martyrdom. (See Ibn Sa'd, Tabaqat, vol. 2, p. 38 - Ed.)